Sakukolola chakudya chokwanira kaamba kakusintha kwa nyengo

Wolemba: Rose Chipumbula CHALIRA

Mvula ikatsala pang’ono kuyamba anthu a m’midzi ya Gulupu Tembo ndi Matola, kwa Mfumu yaying’ono Matola m’boma la Balaka amakhala ndi nkhawa pankhani ya chakudya. Mvula yomwe imabwera m’maderawa mwanjomba ndi yomwe imawapatsa nkhawa. Sadziwa kuti akolola zotani ndipo izi zimasokonekera kunja kukakhalanso ng’amba. 

Anthu a m’midziyi, omwe kale amatha kulima ndi kukolola zochuluka, zokwanira banja lonse zina mkugulitsa, lero agwira fuwa lamoto. Mabanja ambiri akugona osadya. Galu wakuda anayanga m’makomo mwawo kaamba kamavuto omwe adza chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo zomwe zachititsa anthu a derali kumakhala ndi njala zaka zonse.

Kusintha kwa nyengo kwabweretsa ululu pa nkhani ya ufulu okhala ndi chakudya chokwanira. Ufulu wawo wokhala ndi chakudya         ukuphwanyidwa.

Malingana ndi a Gabriel Chimsuku, a m’mudzi mwa Matola, mfumu yaying’ono Matola, anthu ambiri mderali anasiya kukolola zochuluka ngati kale kaamba koti mvula sikumagwa bwino ngati kale. Iwo akuti chilengedwe chinaonongeka ndipo pena mvula imabwera yochuluka zomwe zimachititsa madzi omwe adikha minda mwawo kuwononga mbewu.

“M’madera ambiri omwe timachitira ulimi ndi alowe ndiye nyengo ino ya mvula tikadzala mbewu zathu monga chimanga mvula ikabwera yambiri chimanga sichimachita bwino. Ikabweranso yochepa kumakhala mavuto a njala kuno zomwe zikutiyika pa mavuto anjala adzaoneni chaka chili chonse,” anatero a Chimsuku.

A Chimsuku anati ngakhale izizi zili chomwechi anthu a mde-rali akhalanso akuvutika kwa zaka zitatu ndi mbozi zomwe zimaononga mbewu zawo ngati mvula siikubwera mokwanira.

“Kusintha kwa nyengo kwatibweretsera ululu wambiri maka pa nkhani ya chakudya. Mabanja ambiri sakukwanitsa kudya mokwanira chifukwa akukolola zochepa. Komanso tikulephera kupeza mankhwala a mbozi zomwe zimawononga mbewu,” anatero a Chimsuku.

A Chimsuku anati midzi yozu-ngulira mfumu yaying’ono Matola kuli galu wakuda osati chifukwa cha anthu ulesi koma mavuto omwe adza kaamba kakusintha kwa nyengo.

“Zonsezi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo. Chilengedwe kuno chinawonongeka kusiyana ndi kale kaamba koti mitsinje yambiri mulibe mitengo. Komanso mu madera omwe tikukhala mitengo nayo inadulidwa zomwe zabweretsa kuno mavuto adzaoneni,” anatero a Chimsuku. 

Iwo anapitiriza kunena kuti anthu ena amapezerapo mwai wopha makwacha powagulitsa chakudya mokwera mtengo. Anthu ena amawagula mbewu zina zomwe amalima monga tomato pa mtengo wotsika. Mderali amalima tomato wochuluka.

“Tomato pano akudula koma mavenda amabwera kuno kumadzatigula motsika mtengo. Iwo akapititsa kutauni amakapindula zomwe zikuchititsa anthu kumangovutikirabe pa nkhani ya chakudya. Anthu amalephera kukagula thumba la chimalanga lama kilogalamu 50 lomwe lili pa mtengo wa K20,000,” anatero a Chimsiku.

Nawo a Madalitso Ngwenya, a m’mudziwu anati kubwera kwa mvula mwa njomba ndi kuguga kwa nthaka ndi ena mwa mavuto omwe achititsa anthu a mderali kumakhala ndi njala zaka zonse. Iwo akuti izi zimapangitsa anthuwa kudalira zolandira zomwe ngakhale alandire amadya masiku ochepa.

“Munda omwe ndakhala ndi kulima zaka zapitazo omwe ndimakokola matumba makumi atatu pano ndi mbiri yakale ndimatha kubwera ndi matumba asanu penanso osafika chifukwa nthaka pano inawonongeka. Ngakhale kuthira feteleza sizimayenda pomwe kale timalima osathira feteleza koma manyowa,” anatero a Ngwenya.

A Ngwenya  anati mudziwu ukukumana ndi mavutowa kaamba ka kusintha kwa nyengo komwe kwakhudza dziko lonse osati iwo okha.

“Tinkangomva kuti kuwononga chilengedwe ndi zina kumabweretsa ululu kwa anthu komanso maufulu amaphwanyidwa monga ufulu okhala ndi chakudya chokwanira. Pano tikuchitira umboni zimenezi. Moyo ukulimba chifukwa zambiri sizikuyenda bwino chifukwa cha mavuto omwe adza kaamba kakusintha kwa nyengo. M’makomo ambiri galu wakuda sakuchoka chaka ndi chaka,” anatero a Ngwenya.

Mayi Liginesi Yasini, a m’mudzi mwa Tembo, gulupu Tembo, Mfumu yayikulu Msamala, nawo akutsimikiza m’mene njala yakhudzira delari. Iwo anati amayi ambiri mabanja akusokonekera chifukwa chopita kokagwira maganyu kuti apeze yogulira chakudya komanso azibambo akumawathawa kuka kwatira mkazi yemwe akuona kuti ali ndi zomuyenereza kuwasiya iwo ndi ana akuvutika.

“Njala kuno yafika pamwana wakana phala. Anthu amatha sabata nsima osayiwona kumangogonela madzi ena ndi chinangwa chomwe timapulumukira. Chinangwa chimene kuti tikagule timayenera kukhala ndi ndalama yogulira zomwe ambiri kuno amakakanika chifukwa cha umphawi wa ndalama yogulira chakudya,” anatero a Yasini.

A Yasini anati chaka chilichonse nyengo ya mvula anthu amakhala ndi nkhawa kuti akolola kapena ayi malingana ndi kabweredwe ka mvula komwe kawirikawiri kamakhala ka njomba.

“Chaka chino tsogolo likuwoneka kuti mwina sitigona nayo njala potengera upangiri omwe akutiphunzitsa kuno a Catholic Development Commission (Cadecom) kudzera ku bungwe la Eagles Relief za mmene tingathanirane ndi mavuto omwe adza kaamba kakusintha kwanyengo maka pa nkhani yokhala ndi chakudya chokwanira,” anatero a Yasini.

Anapitiriza kuti: “Anthu ambiri mdelari amalimbikira kuchita ulimi ngati bizinesi kuti adzipindula zomwe apeza akagulitsa ngakhale kusunga kumene koma kaamba kamavuto omwe abwera kaamba kakusuntha kwanyengo anthu akukanika kupeza zofuna zawo .

Akuthana bwanji ndi vutoli?

Kudzera mu upangiri omwe nthambi ya chitukuko mu Mpingo wa Katolika ya Cadecom kudzera ku Eagles Relief mu pulojekiti yolimbikitsa kuthana ndi mavuto omwe amadza kaamba kakusintha kwa nyengo, okhudzidwa akulimbikitsidwa kudzi-wa maufulu awo omwe akuphwa-nyidwa komanso mmene angathanirane ndi ululu womwe ulipo pakanali pano.

Anthuwa akulimbikitsidwa kudzala mitengo, kukhala ndi banki ya kumudzi, kutsata ulimi wa makono, kuthira manyowa m’munda kuti nthaka isakokoloke komanso kuti izisunga chinyotho ndi zina ngati njira imodzi yochepetsera ululuwu.

Malingana ndi a Darlingtone Benard, ati kudzera mu upangiri womwe akhala akulandira ndi mabungwewa ayamba kubwezeretsa chilengedwe chomwe chinaonongeka podzala mitengo m’mbali mwa mitsinje ndi kutsata ulimi wamakono.

“Kuno, chilengedwe ngati mitengo inawonongeka chifukwa choidula mwa chisawawa osadziwa kuti mawa libalanji. Lero ana athu akuvutika mayendedwe popita ku sukulu chifukwa mitsinje yambiri kuno ilibe milatho. Komanso mitengo yothandandizira kuti mitsinjeyi isama-gumukire kulibe zomwe zikuchititsanso madziwa azikaononga mbewu zathu kuminda,” anatero a Benard.

Cadecom idayambitsa polojekiti yolimbikitsa chilungamo pa nkhani yakusintha kwa nyengo m’deralo yotchedwa Climate Challenge Programme Malawi (CCPM).

Mmodzi mwa akuluakulu ku bungwe la Cadecom, a Mercy Chirambo anati kusintha kwa nyengo kwadzetsa ululu wowopsa kwa anthu akumidzi maka pa nkhani ya chakudya m’maboma omwe bungweli likugwirako ntchito.

“Kusakolola chakudya chokwa-nira komanso kubwera kwa mvula ya njomba ndi chitsimikizo choti chilengedwe chinawonongeka kaamba kodula mitengo zomwe zachititsa kuti nthaka ikokoloke mmadera ambiri.

Nthaka imakokoloka chifukwa chosowa mitengo yomwe imayenera kugwira nthaka kuti isakokoloke komanso kulima kosatsata ndondomeko,” anatero a Chirambo.

Bungwe la Cadecom ndi Eagles Relief, likulimbikitsa ntchito zolimbana ndi mavuto omwe adza kaamba kakusintha kwa nyengo mderali polimbikitsa kudzala mitengo, kukhazikitsa banki yakumudzi, ulimi wa mtayakhasu, kugwiritsa ntchito Chitetezo Mbaula, yomwe simaononga chilengedwe ndi zina, ngati njira imodzi yomwe anthuwa angathanirane ndi ululu omwe akukumana nawo. 

Anthu a mderali akupempha boma, adindo ndi mabungwe omwe siaboma kuti atengepo mbali polimbana ndi mavuto omwe adza kaamba kakusintha kwa nyengo osati kuwasiyira okha anthuwa powapatsa upangiri ndi zina kuti njala ikhale mbiri yakale.

Boma la Balaka ndi limodzi mwa maboma omwe kuli njala ya dzaoneni yomwe anthu sanakolole zochuluka. Mchaka chapita mabanja oposa 77 sauzande ndi omwe akusowa thandizo lachakudya malingana ndi lipoti lomwe linatuluka posache-dwapa m’bomali lokhudza mmene njala yakhudzira anthu.

Bungwe la Cadecom likugwira ntchitoyi m’maboma a Balaka, Machinga, Zomba ndi Chikwawa ndi thandizo lochokera m’dziko la Scotland kudzera ku Trocaire ndi Scottish Catholic Aid Fund.