ZAKA 57 ZA UFULU, TILI PATI?
MBILI ZINA TACHITA BWINO – MAYAYA
Pamene dziko la Malawi likukondwerera kuti lakwanitsa zaka 57 liri pa ufulu wodzilamulira, zomwe zachitika pa nthawi yonseyi zili
ngati thumba la zambiri chifukwa pali zina zomwe zayenda pamene zina ndizofunika kukonza, atero akatswiri pa ndale ndi pa chitukuko.
Umphawi, ndale zothana, kusankhana mitundu komanso utsogoleri wopanda masomphenya ndi zina mwa zomwe zikubwezeretsa
dziko la Malawi m’mbuyo kuyambira chaka cha 1964 mpaka lero. Pakali pano dziko la Malawi liri ndi anthu oposa 18 miliyoni koma ambiri mwa iwo adakali mu umphawi wadzaoneni, akukanika kudya katatu ndipo akukhala mu nyumba zomvetsa chisoni. A Blessings Chinsinga, omwe ndi katakwe pa maphunziro andale ku sukulu ya Chancellor, auza wailesi ya MIJ komanso nyuzipepala ya The Daily Times kuti andale ndi amene ali patsogolo kusokoneza kayendetsedwe ka zinthu ndipo mapeto ake ndi ndi woti anthu ambiri adavutika ndi umphawi wan’nanu.
“Andale ambiri amalankhula zosintha miyoyo ya anthu akakhala kunja kwa boma. Akangolowa m’boma salabadiranso mavuto a anthu. Amachita zinthu zokomera iwo eni m’malo mobweretsa ndondomeko zothandiza anthu kuti miyoyo isinthike. Ngakhale kuti dziko la
Malawi lakhala pa mtendere kwa zaka zonsezi, palibe chenicheni chomwe tingaonetse kuti tatukuka,” atero a Chinsinga. A Chinsinga ati nthawi yakwana yokhala ndi atsogoleri okhala ndi chidwi pa chitukuko, olimba mtima komanso okonda dziko lawo. Iwo ati ndi kofunikira kuti Amalawi adzifunse kuti achokera kuti, ali pati ndipo akupita kuti pa ulendo wawo wokhala pa ufulu zaka zonsezi. “Tikusekedwa ndi maiko
omwe atizungulira. Zomwe timayembekezera sizinakwaniritsidwe chonsecho sitinakhalepo pa nkhondo kapena kukumana ndi mavuto omwe tinganene kuti anasokoneza ufuluwu. Chinanso ndi choti Amalawi tili ndi vuto chifukwa timafuna kuti zinthu zisinthe koma sitifuna kuti timve kuwawa.
“Zinthu zisanayambe kukhala bwino pamayenera kuti mumve kuwawa. Kupita chitsogolo nkofunika kuchita zinthu mwatsopano. Ufulu wathu ukhala wopanda phindu ngati tipitirire kuchita zinthu mwa masiku onse,” atero a Chinsinga. Ndipo polankhulapo pa nkhaniyi,
a Benard Mphepo, omwe ndi mkulu wandondomeko ya zachuma ku bungwe la Centre for Social Concern (CfSC) ati patatha zaka 57 za ufulu wodzilamulira komanso 26 za demokalase Amalawi pafupifupi 8 miliyoni ali mu umphawi. Iwo ati lipoti la banki yaikulu pa dziko lonse ya World Bank likuonetsa kuti anthu 70 pa 100 aliwonse sakwanitsa kugula chakudya cha $1.90 pa tsiku. Ndipo pokhala kuti dziko lino limadalira ulimi wa mvula, Amalawi ambiri akuvutika kutiakwaniritse kupeza zosowa zawo ma ka nyengo ikasokonekera. “Mpaka lero Amalawi ambiri alibe chakudya chokwanira, sakupeza maphunziro abwino ndipo amavutika kuti apeze thandizo la chipatala lodalirika.
Ndi kovutanso kwa Amalawi ambiri kuti apeze chilungamo kapena chitetezo monga mmene malamulo akunenera. Chodandaulitsa
china ndi choti pali kusiyana kwambiri pakati pa amayi ndi abambo pamene malamulo akunena zina,” atero a Mphepo.
Mkuluyu wafotokoza kuti kusintha komwe kunabwera m’chaka cha 1993 pomwe Amalawi adavota pa chisankho cha riferendamu kuti akufuna ulamuliro wa zipani zambiri, sikunabweretse kusintha koma anthu amalota. “Muona kuti machitidwe kapena maganizidwe a Amalawi ambiri ndi osowa chiyembekezo ndipo amachita zinthu zosemphana ndi chitukuko. Izi zachititsa kuti maiko ameneatizungulira monga Tanzania ndi Mozambique atipose pa chitukuko. Ena mwa maikowa ndi oti anali pa nkhondo pamene ife takhala tili pa ufulu nthawi yonseyi koma umphawi ndi wadzaoneni,” atero a Mphepo. A Mphepo akuti ngakhale dziko lino lakhala likukwanitsa kuchititsa zisankho zosankha atsogoleri, demokalase ndi ulamuliro wabwino sizinayangebe ndele ndi kudzama. “Kusankhana mitundu kulipobe,mu zipani mulibe demokalase ndipo amayi, achinyamata ndi olumala sapatsidwa mpata wokwanira kuti atenge nawo mbali pa ziganizo zimene zimaperekedwa mu zipani ndi mu demokalase,” atero a Mphepo. Iwo ati pali zina zomwe dziko la Malawi layeserako kuchita bwino monga kusintha kwa boma kuchokera kwa atsamunda kubwera ku ulamuliro wa chipani chimodzi pomwe sipanachitike chisokonezo chilichonse; kusintha kwa ndale kuchoka ku ulamuliro wa chipani chimodzi kubwerera ku zipani zambiri komanso kusintha kwa boma pomwe a Bingu wa Mutharika adamwalira ndipo mphamvu zinapita kwa a Joyce Banda ngati mtsogoleri wa dziko lino. “Posachedwapa taonanso kusintha kwa boma pomwe khoti linagamula kuti kuchitikenso chisankho cha pulezidenti. Zonsezi ndi zabwino zaonetsa kuti ulamuliro wabwino ukukhazikika,” atero a Mphepo. A Billy Mayaya, omwe ndi mmodzi mwa anthu omenyera maufulu a anthu m’dziko muno ati pali zina zomwe zayenda bwino monga ulamuliro wabwino pa ndale, pa chuma ndi kulemekeza malamulo oyendetsera dziko. Mkuluyu wati zina zomwe
zikulimbitsa mtima kuti demokalase ikuyenda ndi monga kuvomereza kwa lamulo lopeza nkhani mosavuta, lamulo la migodi pongotchulapo ochepa. Iwo ati palinso chikhulupiriro kuti kampeni yochepetsa mphamvu za pulezidenti iphula kanthu. A Mayaya ati akuyembekezeranso
kuti chitukuko chisefukira m’zigawo zonse ndipo kuti ngongole zomwe boma likupereka kudzera ku National Economic Empowerment
Fund (NEEF) zithandiza osauka kuti, mwa zina, akhazikitse mabizinezi. “Koma tidikire kuti tione kuti ngongolezi zisiyana bwanji ndi
zam’mbuyomu monga zomwe zinkaperekedwa ndi a SEDOM, DEMATT ndi Malawi Rural Finance Company. Chomwe chikufunika
ndi kupereka ndalama kwa Amalawi zomwe zingasinthe miyoyo yawo osati kupitiriza mavuto awo ndi kumangokhala ndi umoyo wodalira,” atero a Mayaya. A Mayaya akuti boma likuyesetsa kuthetsa umphawi wa Amalawi polimbikitsa ntchito za ulimi, kuchepetsa misonkho pa
malipiro koma ntchito idakalipobe. Iwo apemphanso kulolerana pa ndale kuti zomwe Amalawi akufuna pa chitukuko zitheke.
Dziko la Malawi linalandira ufulu wodzilamulira pa 6 Julaye m’chaka cha 1964 kuchokera ku boma la Britain.
